Thursday, March 31, 2022

Plants for Pollinators Addict


     Hi, my name is Bernie and I am a native plant addict.  Every year I buy more plants. I buy bare-root plants from WVPD yearly plant sale and the Intervale Conservation Nursery in BTV. I buy plants online, wildflower seeds for example, from Prairie Moon Nursery. Always on the lookout for affordable native plants. I even created a list of all of the plants native to Vermont, 1,458 of them. And if I could get my hands on every one of them, I WOULD. 

     However, my reasoned self, Maeve, and my psychoanalyst all tell me when it comes to my obsession, yes that was the term used, when it comes to my plant obsession, I must slow down. 

     I have reduced our lawn size considerably to have more room to grow plants native to Vermont. Pretty soon we are going to have to look into purchasing some of our neighbor's vacant land as we are running out of room for me to put more plants in the ground on our 1.3-acre yard. 

     Our goal is to create a bird and pollinator sanctuary with at least 70% of all our plants native to Vermont. 

     When I am not planting, I may be building more critter houses; woodpiles, stone piles, stone piles with underground tunnels, and custom-built skylight (hey the little critters deserve an open airy, and sunny home too). Or I might be placing a bumble bee box with a vacancy sign on it in a secluded area of our yard. 

     I have hung up countless bird boxes including one for owls and one for pileated woodpeckers (both unoccupied so far), two bat boxes, bee boxes for Mason bees and other cavity-nesting bees, birdbaths, frog pools, bee watering stations, butterfly food, and water stations, and even a multi-story apartment house for critters of all sorts. 

         This winter, while my nongreen thumb rested, I researched wild solitary bees, bumblebees, butterflies and moths, and other pollinators and compiled the best photos out of the 3,941 insects I observed and photographed in 2021 in our backyard. Then I put together over ten one-hour Zoom presentations to show those photos and share some interesting facts about the insects I observed in our yard. The one titled Eat or be Eaten is gory but cool, I think. The one about Insect Sex is, well let's just say that insect sex is a lot more shocking than Fifty Shades of Grey. Another one is about beneficial insects and garden pests. Also, I created one titled “Native Plants for Pollinators and for You”. 

      So it is not like planting is the only thing I do in nature. But, with 1,458 plants native to Vermont, and my having only planted a bit over 200 (ok way over 200) species in our yard, I ask you how can that be an obsession? 

     Over the last two years, I have hauled enough cardboard to our backyard (in preparation for wildflower planting) to wallpaper an entire city. Finally, last fall I planted 27 species of Wildflowers native to Vermont. Fingers crossed that at least some will come up this year. Perennial wildflower seeds are notoriously slow in germinating, some take years. Thankfully I have (some) patience and still have a wee bit of yard left to plant in. 

     So I ordered even more wildflower seeds this spring. I also purchased two Evans Bali Cherry trees, a Wolf River apple tree, a Johns Elderberry, three Autumn Brilliance Juneberry, one Smoky Juneberry, and a Northern Juneberry. They all came in from St. Lawerence Nurseries a few days ago. All bare-root so they had to be planted within a couple of days. All this after saying last year, I have got to stop buying more plants before someone mistakes our backyard for the Amazon (the forest not the world resource extractor). 

     Note to self, purchasing plants is so much easier than planting them: figuring out where to plant them (Yup I did this in advance last year, but my stakes indicating planting spots seem to be missing, along with my notes) digging in the mud, pulling out humongous rocks the size of Utah, making three piles of dirt from the hole then placing the plant in place and refilling the hole from the three piles in reverse order with top-level sod going in first to feed the plant over time, then cutting hardware cloth (small opening fencing) to disfavor rabbits, then tall fencing to discourage deer, then cardboard and mulch, then a gazillion trips with five gallon-watering buckets. 

     Later this spring (April 30) I will pick up my latest WVPD Tree Sale order of two Gray Dogwood, two Northern Spicebush, and two Witch Hazel. Yes, we already have some of those, but ours looked lonely. All bare-root; I better mark that day on the calendar as full. 

     Now, where in the world will I plant them? Maeve is already feeling claustrophobic in the backyard. Perhaps she would let me take the clothesline down, that would be enough space for one, maybe two plants…hmmm. 

     The ground is barely thawed, yet when I walk about in the backyard today, in late March, I can almost hear the awakenings underground. The roots stretching like I do in the morning, the microbes having their first breakfast in perhaps months; I see buds struggling to protrude from the cambium, I see crocuses leading the charge, snowdrops finding it easier than ever to bloom without snow or ice.  And I am already looking forward to the early flowering bloomers, the lilacs, cherry bushes and cherry trees, redbuds, honeyberries, flowering quince, serviceberry (or Juneberry), and others that will feed the newly emerging queen bumble bees, the early emerging mason bees, and many other insects coming out of their winter dens for their first look at the new year above ground. 

     Finally, the last plant is in the ground. Well, the last one for today anyway. I am a bit lame around my knees, my back aches a bit, my arms are like spaghetti, just about all of me is covered in mud, my stomach is growling, I have a gazillion tools, fencing, stakes, buckets, shovels, sledgehammer, wire cutters, gloves, and more yet to be put away. I am wasted and have not even prepared the ground for the wildflower seeds that came in the mail today. In the future, I must learn to pace myself. Too old, not enough space in the yard, (still working on persuading Maeve to let me plant under the clothesline), not enough hours in the day. Time to move on to another interest.

     After a shower, a real quick food gulp, I head to my computer. And guess what captures my attention as quickly as tinker-bell on caffeine!

     My wish list of native plants for specialist bees (bees that feed on only one or only a few species of plants). Of course, I must have some of those and it is so easy to order them. Now, what was that I wanted to remind myself the next time I thought about ordering more plants. Oh ya, I remember, you can’t ever have too many native plants!

Frederick Law Olmstead, the famed American public park designer, in 1883, tasked Charles Sargent to select and place 100,000 native plants within a space that was a mere 2.5 acres. He's my hero!

PS, if you need a plant fix, check out the Community Center in Jericho benefit Plant Sale


Hooked on and amazingly grateful for nature,

Bernie

     I am the guy trying to turn dirt into soil, mono-culture desert lawn into life feeding home-building habitat of *native plants. 

========================================

Responses: 

Hi Bernie, a belated April Fool's day to you.  You might consider that the first step one must take when suffering from NPE (native plant excess) is to accept it.  You appear to be on the right path, although you do recognize that NPED (native plant excess denial) is an impediment to your recovery.  Clearly, accepting that your NPED blocks your ability to properly face NPE is key.  Perhaps if you could put certain plants out of your mind, you might find peace.  Do you fret over the demise of the elm, chestnut, ash (currently underway), etc.?  Do you need to be restrained from attacking every Euro import dandelion on every lawn?  Do you avoid eating wheat products and urge others to eat maize as a preferable native plant?  

My office is accepting new patients.  Should you wish to schedule a session, please feel free to drop us an email.

 D. B. A. DLt.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

It's good that you are admitting your addiction! LOL

M.K. 

Ah, admitting one's strengths (oops parapraxis - Freudian slip) weaknesses is the first step to recovery. ~Bernie

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Thanks for the smiles you bring, Bernie!

C.K.

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You are incurable Bernie. Perhaps a lobotomy…

B.W. 

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*Native plants are those that have interacted with the animals around them, for a long period of time. Most insects that eat plants can develop and reproduce only on the plants with which they share an evolutionary history.


Friday, March 18, 2022

Plant for Pollinators

       Plant to benefit pollinators. Why? Because according to the Vermont Community Garden Network "More than three-quarters of the world's food crops benefit from animal pollination - the bees and other creatures whose help we need to produce many of the foods we eat." Unfortunately, both honeybees and many species of native bees are in trouble. Populations of both are in sharp decline due to pesticide use, disease and parasite problems, and loss of food and nesting habitat. Many kinds of butterflies and other wild pollinators are also in jeopardy. Insects are the foundation of the food chain.

     An NYT article "The Insect Apocalypse is Here" states, "What we're losing is not just the diversity part of biodiversity, but the bio part: life in sheer quantity." Bryan Pfeiffer in the "Extinction of Meaning" writes, "What worries me, is that in the end, I suspect few among us will mourn the passing of a butterfly." 

     This is why it’s so important to learn about and do all we can to protect all kinds of pollinators. Moreover, it is important to understand that pollinators need native plants.

     Why native plants? Douglas Tallamy author of Bringing Nature Home advises, the native pollinators of your area have a long evolutionary history tied closely with the native plants of your region and, understandably, have a preference for what they are used to, in some cases, they simply won't visit or can't digest most newcomer [Non-Native] or exotic plants. 

     The Audubon Society team's research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, found only one distinction that determines if a spot is a boom or a bust for a bird population: whether it has plants native to the area. Nesting birds need insects to feed their chicks. Is your yard more of a 'food desert' or delectable buffet for birds? 

     Why (native plants) here in your hometown, in your yard? Because you want to protect the place where you live.  In our own backyards, native pollinator populations are dropping. Because you want to maintain the biodiversity of our homeland - our local butterflies, bees, birds, and other local creatures as well as native flowers - that identify our home as a unique place in the world - as our home.


     By choosing native plants - which do not require any artificial fertilizers, synthetic chemical pesticides, or herbicides - for your landscape, you create a healthier place for yourself, your family, your community. We can help maintain a sense of place (belonging and familiarity) by growing plants that are native to our area. 

  • Plant a garden using Native flowering plants: 
  • Choose a variety of colors and shapes that will attract a variety of pollinators.
  • Choose plants that flower at different times providing nectar and pollen sources throughout the growing season. 
  • Plant in clumps rather than single plants to better attract pollinators.

     Entomologist Douglas Tallamy writes if we use plants that evolved with our local animal communities as the foundation of our landscapes, we may be able to save much of our biodiversity from extinction.  

See the Community Center in Jericho Native Plant Sale here


Bernie  

Connecting Community with Nature


Saturday, March 12, 2022

Observing Life In Your Backyard - a backyard insect photo tour

Announcing a series of free presentations titled "Observing Life in Your Backyard - Meet your neighbors, a backyard photo insect tour".  Each presentation will be presented via Zoom by Bernie Paquette. 

            “Oh, do not ask, “What is it?” Let us go and make our visit.”  T.S. Eliot

Observing Life in Your Backyard 

Series Listing                                         


1. Mr. & Mrs. Butterfly, Moth, and Caterpillar 

2. Bee in your Backyard - Bee Specialist, Generalist, Solitary, Social...

3. Bumble Bees - The Buzz Pollinators of Vermont

4. Dragonflies and Damselflies - Catch me if you can

5. Sex in your backyard - Romantic interludes of Insects

6. Beneficial and Garden Pests - Insects

7. Eat or be eaten - Predator and Prey of the insect world

8. You BUG - Me Human. True Bugs

9. Wasps - Jackets required

10. Flower Flies and Mimicry (Good one for April Fools Day)

11. Native Plants for pollinators and for You - Gardening Presentation. *Email plant/planting questions to me before the presentation.

12. Four Actions to help Pollinators (View with #2, 3, and 9)

13. Pollinator Myths (View with #2, 3, and 9)

14. Bees or Wannabees? (View after #2 Bee in your Backyard)

15. Rare Bees (Not constructed yet)

16. Pollinator plate (What food requires pollinators)

17. Pollinator Diversity (Detailed description of a few bees, butterflies, moths, flies, and moths)

18. A bee nest round the year 

19. How are the pollinators doing? (Partially included in #11)

20. Pollinator Trivia

21. How Bees See Color (partially incorporated in #2)

22. iNaturalist / brief introduction on using iNaturalist


1. Butterfly, Moth, and Caterpillars of Vermont - Resource List from Bernie Paquette


Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source

Bryan Pfeiffer Recommendations

Bryan’s paper and Digital recommendation list

A Tribute to the Field Guide

Online text

Bryan Pfeiffer

Field Guide - Butterflies


Butterflies of N.A. 

Book

Jim Brock & Kenn Kaufman

Field Guide - Insects

Over 1,250 insect identifications

Insects of New England & New York

Book

Tom Murray

Field Guide - Moths

Nearly 1,500 moth Identifications

Peterson Field Guide to Moths 

Book

David Beadle & Seabtooke Leckie

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

Butterflies of Vermont list and photos

iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

***iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.

Identification Guide

Insects that utilize milkweed plants

Milkweed Specialist Insects of New England

Online text

VT Center for EcoStudies

Identification Guide and Tool

Butterfly and moth informational and search tool

Butterflies and Moths of N.A.

Online text

BAMONA

Identification Guide

Butterfly names, photo, information

Moths, Butterflies by State

Online text

Butterfly Identification

Identification Tool

***Selection tool for all Categories of Life

***Discover Life

Online text

Discover Life

Identification Tool

Use our 'BUGFINDER' utility to quickly search the database by making a few basic selections about your insect-in-question.

Bug Finder ID Tool

Online text

Insect ID for the casual observer

Informational

Ecosystem, Intrinsic, Scientific, and Educational Value

Why Moths are important

Online text

Butterfly Conservation Org. 

Informational

Sight, Touch, Smell, Taste, Hearing, Balance

Butterfly and Moth SENSES

Online text

Enchanted learning.com

Informational

To boost your moth numbers, plant a hazel, willow, birch or crab apple (preferably all four!). 

Tips for encouraging nesting birds into your garden

Online text

Butterfly Conservation Org. 

Informational

Butterfly names, photo, information

Types of Butterflies in Vermont

Online text

Butterfly Identification

Informational

Surveys the significance of insects..

From The Insects – An Outline of Entomology.

Book

Gullan, Cranston

Insect demise

The world has entered its sixth mass extinction event

Insect decline in the Anthropocene: Death by a Thousand Cuts

Online article

Wagner, Grames, Forister, Stopak 

Informational

Interesting facts about Moths

20 Magnificent Moth Facts! #MothsMatter

Online article

Butterfly Conservation Org. 

Informational

List of plants that attract butterflies

Plants to Attract Butterflies

Online article

UVM

Informational

List of plants that attract butterflies

Butterfly Nectar Plants

Online article

Learn About Nature

Informational / Motivational

One million species of creature at risk of imminent extinction. Reversal of this dangerous trend is eminently possible, but only if private landowners support a cultural shift in how we manage our landscape.

The Global War on insects has been tragically successful

Online article

Doug Tallamy


2. Bees of Vermont - Resource List from Bernie Paquette


Rank

Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source


Bee poster for sale

Bee photos

Backyard Bees of North America

Poster

The Bees in Your Backyard blog


Discoveries (bee species)

50 new (to VT) species discovered in just 2 years. 

New Bees Discovered in Vermont with Worldwide Teamwork

Online Text

Kent McFarland, Vermont Center for EcoStudies, VT Atlas of Life


Educational

Seven recordings about bees

Bee Short Course

Recorded videos

Ohio State Univ, OSU.edu


Educational

Research paper

Bees and Their Habitats in Four New England States

Online Text

Alison C. Dibble, Francis A. Drummond, Anne L. Averill,

Kalyn Bickerman-Martens, Sidney C. Bosworth, Sara L. Bushmann,

Aaron K. Hoshide, Megan E. Leach, Kim Skyrm, Eric Venturini, and Annie White (UVM)


Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.


Identification Guide

Provides key features to ID 10 types of bees

Bee Identification Guide

Online PDF

pollinator.org


Identification Guide

Introduces the field identifiable bee species of Vermont and help naturalist make sense of the mind-blowing bee diversity found in this state.

The Bees of Vermont

Online Text

Vermont Center for EcoStudies, VT Atlas of Life


Identification Guide

Image database, Bees of Canada

Bees of Canada

Online Text



Informational / Identification guide

A guide to North America’s Bees

The Bees In Your Backyard

Book 

J. Wilson, & O. Messinger Carril


Informational

Life Cycle, Species at risk

Wild Bee Conservation

Online Text

Xerces Society


Informational

Mason Bee / Orchard Bee

Pollinator of the month: Blue Orchard Mason Bee

Online Text



Informational

 What is a flower like from a bee’s perspective, and what does the pollinator experience as it gathers pollen?

You’re a Bee. This Is What It Feels Like

Online Text

New York Times


Informational

Description, nesting behavior, a few photos. Sweat Bees

Sweat bees, halictid bees

Online Text

Univ. of Florida

5 Star

PBS NATURE FILM (54 mins)

 A wildlife cameraman spends his time during the coronavirus pandemic lockdown filming the bees in his urban garden and discovers the many diverse species and personalities that exist in this insect family.

My Garden of a Thousand Bees

Recorded video 

PBS


Solitary Bees 

Extensive explanations and a good read. Very informational. Many intriguing solitary bee behaviors described. 

The Solitary Bees; biology, evolution, conservation

Book / Textbook

Danforth, Minckley, and Neff.



Specialist Bee listing 

Specialist Bees (state listed) & their Host plant Family. See what plants specialist bees feed on. 

Pollen Specialist Bees of the Eastern United States

Online Text

Jarrod Fowler & Sam Droege


Specialist Bee listing 

List of Specialist Bees in VT, and plants that attract them.

Specialist Bees of Vermont

Online Text

Vermont Center for EcoStudies, VT Atlas of Life


Insects blog

Petted a BB, State Bee petition, our first baby button b, ….

Vtbugeyed

Blog

Bernie Paquette


3. Bumble Bees of Vermont - Resource List from Bernie Paquette

Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source

Educational

1 hour Bumble Bee presentation

The Bombs Among Us. Bumble Bee Basics

Online recording

Heather Holm, Wild Ones 

Educational

Considerable Bumble Bee information

Bumble Bees of the Eastern United States

Online text: Pdf

U.S. Forest Service

Educational / Motivational

Article on National Moth Week - mid July

Bee the Flame and the Moth

Online text

Bryan Pfeiffer, writer, educator, field biologist

Educational / Motivational

In lively, accessible prose, he explains the intricacy of moths' life cycle, their importance in nature, and how just a tiny handful of the many moth species are truly pests to humans. He tells how to attract moths with lights and bait…

Discovering Moths: Nighttime Jewels in Your Own Backyard

Book

John Himmelman

Educational / Motivational

Petition to State Legislature - Actionable by Students!

VT Wild Bees; Will We Heed Their Call?

Online text

Bernie Paquette

Field Guide

Identification Guide to Bumble Bees of North America

Bumble Bees of N.A.

Book

Williams, Thorp, Richardson & Colla

Identification Aid

Bumble Bee Poster

Bumble Bees of the Eastern United States (Poster)

Online Poster

Pollinator Partnership

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.

Motivational

When the perfect opportunity stared me in the eye, how could I not reach out? Another life form was if not calling out to me, if not inviting me, then at least placing itself directly in my orbit, my reach. My curiosity and desire overrode my caution.

How I came to ‘Pet” a Bumble Bee

Online text

Bernie Paquette

List (VT BB)   Identification Aid 

The species profiles provide information on each of the 17 bumble bee species and one carpenter bee that have been recorded in Vermont, as well as two species that have been found in neighboring states, but not yet in Vermont.

Bumble Bees and Carpenter Bees of Vermont

Online text

Vermont Center for Ecostudies, VT Atlas of Life

Informational

Bumble Bee forage guide for Eastern Temperate Forests(*indicates non-native to Vermont) (spp. Indicates several species)

Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.), Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), Lowbush Blueberry (Vacinium angustifolium), Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia), Turtlehead (Chelone glabra), Joe-pye Weed (Eupatorium maculatum), Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa), Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana), Honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.*) Some Lonicera native, some non-native invasive, Clovers (Trifolium spp*), Blazing Stars (Liatris spp.*), Prairie Clovers (Dalea spp.*), Goldenrods (Solidago spp.), Rosinweeds (Siphium spp.*), Milkweeds (Asclepias spp.), Plume Thistles (Cirsium spp.* Some Cirsium VT native species), Cassias (Cassia spp.*), Salix (Salix spp.), Impatiens (Impatiens spp.), Crocus (Crocus spp.*), Dicentra (Dicentra spp.), Kalmia (Kalmia spp.), Solanum (Solanum spp.). 


Bumble Bees of North America


Paul Williams, Robbin Thorp, Leif Richardson & Sheila Colla)x


4. Dragonflies & Damselflies - Resource List from Bernie Paquette


Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source

Field Guide

Covers 135 species of Dragonflies and Damselflies

Field Guide to The Dragonflies and Damselflies of Algonquin Provincial Park and the Surrounding Area. 

Book

Jones, Kingsley, Burke, and Holder

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.



5. Insect Sex - Resource List from Bernie Paquette

Generic Description

Subject

Title

ow Do Insects Have Sex?

Online Text

ThoughtCo. 

Educational

Startling facts about how some insects procreate

Hooks, Graspers, Spikes, and Stalkers… Oh My! How [Some] Insects Have Sex

Online Text

Ask an Entomologist

Educational

An ongoing evolutionary tug of war to control fertilization has led to appallingly rough sexual practices in bugs.

50 Shades of WRONG: Disturbing Insect Sex

Online Text

WIRED

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

iNaturalist

Online database

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.


6. Garden Pests & Beneficial Insects - Resource List from Bernie Paquette

Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source

Beneficial Garden Insects

General look at some groups of beneficial insects

Beneficial Insects: Get to Know the Good Garden Bugs

Online Text

Grit 

Beneficial Garden Insects

General look at some groups of beneficial insects

Beneficial Insects in the Garden

Online Text

Almanac

Beneficial Garden Insects

Types and how to attract them.

Beneficial Insects

Online Text

Cedar Circle - Farm and education Center

Beneficial Garden Insects

List of individual species. Also Metamorphosis explained.

Beneficials in the Garden and Landscape 

Online Text

Texas Master Gardner

Beneficial Garden Insects

1 hour presentation

Good Garden Bugs: Everything You Need to Know about Beneficial Predatory Insects

Recorded Video

Mary Gardiner / The Ohio State Univ (

Beneficial Insect Plants

Plant listing for beneficial insects

The Best Plants for Beneficial Insects

Online Text

Savvy Gardening

Beneficial Insects

A U.K. article.

Beneficial Insects

Online Text

Organic Gardening

Beneficial Insects

Listing: Insect - attracted by - Preys on.

14 Beneficial Insects for Natural Garden Pests Control

Online Text

Organiclesson

Beneficial Insects

10 Top Beneficial Insects

Attracting Beneficial Insects to Counter Garden Pest Problems

Online Text

Mother Earth Living

Beneficial Insects

Beneficial insect name with the plants that attract them.

Plants That Attract Beneficial Insects 

Online Text

Permaculture Research Institute

Garden Insects

600+ pages, photos on every other page. Well organized format.

Garden Insects of N.A.

Book

Whitney Cranshaw

Identification Aid & Record your observation with a photo

iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe.

iNaturalist

Online 

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of the California Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Society.

Pests & Beneficial Garden Insects

List of pests and beneficial insects and the related benefits or detractors.

Pest and Disease Directory

Online Text

Gardener’s Supply

Pests & control options

Plant listing

Organic Pest Control: The Best Plants to Attract Beneficial Insects and Bees

Online Text

Mother Earth News

Pests & control options

List of pests insects and the related damage they incur. Control options.

The 10 Most Destructive Garden Insects and How to Get Rid of Them

Online Text

Good Housekeeping

Pests & Diseases of the garden

1 hour presentation

Garden Pests and Diseases of 2021

Video Recording

Ann Hazelrigg, UVM (sponsored by Transition Town Jericho)

Pests & Plant Damage

Metamorphosis explained. List of major pests and associated signs of plant damage. 

Garden Insect Primer: Getting to Know Common Garden Insect Pest Groups and their Associated Signs of Plant Damage

Online Text

Ecological Landscape Alliance

Wasp descriptions

Ichneumon, Braconid, and Chalcid wasps described

Parasitic Wasp

Online Text

Gardener’s Supply



11. A Native Plants for Pollinators - Resource list from Bernie Paquette

Generic Description

Subject

Title

Media

Title owner/source

Bees (gardening for Specialists bees)

Garden for Specialist Bees

Creating a pollinator garden for native specialist bees of New York and the Northeast

Online - Text

Cornell Botanic Gardens

Birds (gardening for birds)

Brief tips (plants/caterpillars/birds)

Tips for encouraging nesting birds to your garden

Online - Text

Butterfly Conservation

Conservation donation opportunity

Helps support the conservation and management of Vermont's WMAs

Vermont Habitat Stamp

Online - Text 

VT F&W

Educational

Native plants and gardening, biodiversity, bees…

Ecological roles of native plants 6 series 

Online - Links to videos

Ohio State Univ. (OSU.edu)

Educational / Instructional

How to evaluate the habitat you have, select plants to attract pollinators, and design habitat features for pollinators.

Gardening with Wildflowers in Vermont: Making Space for Pollinators. 

Online Recorded Video

Vermont Land Trust / Liz Thompson, Tori Hellwig

Educational / Motivational/Instructional

How native plants sustain wildlife in our gardens.

Nature’s Best Hope (Start viewing at 11:27 on video)

Online Recorded Video

Doug Tallamy 

Educational / Motivational/Instructional

The importance of native plants. Updates the original Nature’s Best Hope.

Bringing Nature Home: The importance of Native Plants. (Start viewing at 3:59)

Online Recorded Video

Doug Tallamy 

Educator tools

For educators

Pollinator Garden Education Resources

Online - Text

National Pollinator Garden Network

Field Guide

Wildflower Guide book: Northeastern and North-central North America

Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide

Book

Lawrence Newcomb

Field Guide

This was one of my resources to determine which plants are native to Vermont. I also used the Go Botany online tool. 

New Flora of Vermont

Book

Arthur V. Gilman

Identification 

Identification online tool

Plants Identification

Online - Database

USDA

Informational 

Seed collecting protocols…

Northeast Wild Seed Collectors

Online - Text 

NE Wild Seed Collectors

Informational 

Greenbelt planting

Hellstrip Plantings: Creating Habitat in the space between the Sidewalk and the Curb. 

Online - Text 

Wild Seed Project

Informational

Surveys the significance of insects..

From The Insects – An Outline of Entomology.

Book

Gullan, Cranston

Informational / Educational 

Links to pollinator gardening resources

NE Pollinator Plants (River Berry Farm) 

Online - Text 

Jane Sorensen

Informational / Educational:  Creating Pollinator Gardens. By Bernie

Links to my - Multiple pollinator, gardening, articles, flower-photos…

Links to my Plants for Pollinators series of posts

Online - Links to blog posts

Bernie Paquette

Informational / Motivational

Information related to VT native plants and associated Beneficial Insects

Introduction text to Bernie’s “VT Native Plants and Pollinators, and other insects the Plants Attract”

Online - Text

Bernie Paquette

Informational

List of Vermonts 1,451 Native Plants 

List of VERMONT NATIVE PLANTS

Online - Text

Bernie Paquette

Informational

Native plants: Name, Sun, Moisture, Height

Native Plant List for Maine, NH, and Vermont

Online - Text

PlantNative

Informational / Inspirational

Win the War on Pollinator Decline with Ecological Gardening

The Pollinator Victory Garden

Book

Kim Eierman

Informational/Instructional

List of Invasive on land and in water in VT

Vermont Invasives

Online - Text

Elizabeth Spinney, Coordinator

Inspirational

Understanding of the ways of nature, 

Sand County Almanac

Book

Aldo Leopold

Inspirational

Embraces the notion that plants and animals are our oldest teachers.

Braiding Sweetgrass

Book

Robin Kimmerer, botanist

Inspirational

Practical tips and techniques

Farming on the Wild Side

Book

Nancy and John Hayden

Inspirational

To save earth we must save half of the planet for nature. Describes the need for Biodiversity. 

Half-Earth

Book

Edward O. Wilson

Inspirational

Photos

Lawn Reform

Online - Photos

Pintrest

Instructional

Landscaping (front yards)

Tips To Make A “Messy” Wildlife Garden Look Good

Online - Text

Cornell Lab

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

How to Prep Your Site for Native Seed Mix

Online - Text

Prairie Moon Nursery

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

5 Steps to Successful Prairie Establishment

Online - Text

Prairie Moon Nursery

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting: Cover for 4 wks, remove for 1 wk, repeat….  A cardboard covering method that I utilized. 

How to Grow a Prairie from Seed

Online - Text

Prairie Moon Nursery

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

Organic Site Preparation Methods

Online - Text

Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

8 Easy Steps to Design a Landscape with Native Plants

Online - Text 

Gardenista

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

Wildflower Meadows: Let’s Get Real

Online - Text 

Larry Weaner Landscape Associates

Instructional

Preparing for a pollinator planting

From Lawn to Meadow

Online - Text 

We Conserve PA

Instructional

See mulch section

5 Ways to Encourage Pollinators

Online - Text 

Gaia Herbs

Instructional

Diversify bloom times, Colors, caution on cultivars, plant in masses, nesting opptys, and more

Designing Pollinator Friendly Landscapes 

Online - Text 

Annie White

Instructional / Informational

Tips to attract pollinators

Gardening for Pollinators

Online - Text

USDA  US Forest Service

Instructional - brief article

Preparing for a pollinator planting

Backyard Wildflower Gardens

Online - Text 

UVM 

Native Plants For Sale

Plants for sale from June 1st – end of September (potted perennials)

River Berry Farm, Fairfax, Vermont

Online - Text 

Jane Sorensen. I am a big fan. And Jane is extremely knowledgeable - way past my league. 

Native Plants For Sale

Plants for sale from March 1 through April 30 (Potted Perennials)

Community Center in Jericho Annual Plant Sale

Online - Text link to ordering information

Bernie Paquette

Native Plants For Sale

Seeds & bare root plants

Prairie Moon Nursery

Online - Text 

Prairie Moon Nursery - Im a big fan. Though I find growing from seed challenging and requiring of a lot of effort and patience. 

Native Plants For Sale

Plants for sale (April 15 - ?)

Horsford Garden & Nursery

Online - Text 

Horsford Garden & Nursery

Native Plants For Sale

Hand collected seeds

Wild Seed Project - Maine

Online - Text 

Non profit org

Native Plants For Sale

Trees, shrubs, fruits, nut plants

WNRCD Annual Tree Sale

Online - Text 

Jan - April 30. I am a big fan of this org.

Native Plants For Sale

Shrubs, trees: bare root, potted

BTV Intervale Conservation Nursery

Online - Text 

Spring - Fall.  Sell retail,but geared toward volume sales. Still a fan of these folks.

Native Plants For Sale

Extensive stock of native plants

Elmore Roots

Online - Text 

Elmore, VT. Like their offerings but travel distance prohibitive for me. 

Native Plants For Sale

Extensive stock of native plants

St. Lawerence Nurseries (in NY)

Online - Text 

~Jan - April 10 online. Large offering, I am purchasing from them 1st time in 2022.

Native Plants For Sale

Perennials

Turtle Hill Native Plants  (Montpelier, VT)

Online - Text 

Unfamiliar to me but, I hope to visit these folks soon.

Native Plants For Sale

Seed Mixes

Ernst Seeds

Online - Text 

I have not yet purchased from ERnsts

Native Plants For Sale

How to shop - questions to ask nursery

Navigating the Nurseries: How to Find Native Plants

Online - Text 

Wild Seed Project

Native Plants For Sale

Seedlings

Champlain Valley Native Plant Restoration Nursery

Online - Text 

Poultney, Vermont. I am not yet familiar with this group.

Native Plants For Sale

Seed mixes for wetlands (Wholesale)

Vermont Wetland Plant Supply 

Online - Text 

Orwell, VT

Native Plants For Sale

Extensive stock of native plants

The Farm Between

Online - Text 

Sterling College venture

Plant descriptions / list

Native (VT) Plant List

Native Perennials and Shrubs for Vermont Gardens

Online - Text

Nature Conservancy

Plants descriptions 

Plant descriptions…

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

Online - Text

Univ of Austin, TX

Plants descriptions 

Plant descriptions…

Missouri Botanical Garden

Online - Text

Missouri Botanical Garden

Plants descriptions / list

Choosing plants: trees, shrubs, perennials

Superstar Native Plants for Vermont - plants for birds.

Online - Text

Audubon Vermont

Plants descriptions / list

Choosing plants

Pollinator Plants for the N.E. U.S.

Online - Text (PDF)

USDA NRCS

Plants descriptions / list

Choosing plants

Vermont Bird and Pollinator-Friendly Perennial Species List

Online - Text (PDF)

VT F&W

Plants descriptions / list

Plants for SHADE area

In the SHADE: Gardening with Native Plants from the Woodland Understory

Online - Text 

Wild Seed Project

Plants descriptions / list

Choosing plants

Pollinator Plants Northeast Region

Online - Text 

Xerces

Plants list

Choosing plants for specialist bees

Host Plants for Pollen Specialist Bees of the Eastern United States

Online - Text 

James Fowler

Plants descriptions & nativity

Native to VT? & Choosing Plants

Go Botany

Online - Text

Native Plant Trust

Plants descriptions & nativity

Native Plants by zip code. * Also list the pollinators and caterpillars that utilize each plant. 

Native Plant Finder 

Online - Text

National Wildlife Federation / Native Plant Finder (beta) in partnership with Doug Tallamy

Plants descriptions & nativity

Native to VT? & Choosing Plants

Bernie’s VT Native plant list

Link to spreadsheet

Bernie Paquette

Plants descriptions: shrubs

VT native Shrubs

Try Native Shrubs in your Landscape

Online - Text 

UVM

Trees: Gardening for birds, pollinators

Keystone Trees & planting underneath trees

Keystone Plants & Soft Landings

Online - Text

@DLNarango

Trees: Gardening for birds, pollinators

Quantity of butterfly/moths supported by each plant

Want Pollinators? Plant Trees

Online - Text

DeepRoot Blog

MISC

SEE MORE LINKS on my Butterfly, Moth, and Caterpillar presentation and Resource List

MISC Links

Various

Bernie Paquette